【Golang】使用 - 读取文件

Posted by 西维蜀黍 on 2021-05-30, Last Modified on 2021-09-21

读取整个文件 - ioutil.ReadFile

ReadFile reads the file named by filename and returns the contents. A successful call returns err == nil, not err == EOF. Because ReadFile reads the whole file, it does not treat an EOF from Read as an error to be reported.

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"io/ioutil"
)

func check(e error) {
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
}

func main() {
  // the most basic file reading task is slurping a file’s entire contents into memory
	dat, err := ioutil.ReadFile("test.txt")
	check(err)
	fmt.Print(string(dat))
}

Ouput:

1
2
3
4
5
6

Source Code

// ReadFile reads the file named by filename and returns the contents.
// A successful call returns err == nil, not err == EOF. Because ReadFile
// reads the whole file, it does not treat an EOF from Read as an error
// to be reported.
func ReadFile(filename string) ([]byte, error) {
	f, err := os.Open(filename)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer f.Close()
	// It's a good but not certain bet that FileInfo will tell us exactly how much to
	// read, so let's try it but be prepared for the answer to be wrong.
	var n int64 = bytes.MinRead

	if fi, err := f.Stat(); err == nil {
		// As initial capacity for readAll, use Size + a little extra in case Size
		// is zero, and to avoid another allocation after Read has filled the
		// buffer. The readAll call will read into its allocated internal buffer
		// cheaply. If the size was wrong, we'll either waste some space off the end
		// or reallocate as needed, but in the overwhelmingly common case we'll get
		// it just right.
		if size := fi.Size() + bytes.MinRead; size > n {
			n = size
		}
	}
	return readAll(f, n)
}

读取文件内容进入Buffer - Read()

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"os"
)

func check(e error) {
	if e != nil {
		panic(e)
	}
}

func main() {
	f, err := os.Open("test.txt")
	check(err)

	b1 := make([]byte, 5)
	for {
		n1, err := f.Read(b1)
		if n1 == 0 {
			break
		}
		check(err)
		fmt.Printf("%s", string(b1[:n1]))
	}
	f.Close()
}

Source Code

// Read reads up to len(b) bytes from the File.
// It returns the number of bytes read and any error encountered.
// At end of file, Read returns 0, io.EOF.
func (f *File) Read(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
	if err := f.checkValid("read"); err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	n, e := f.read(b)
	return n, f.wrapErr("read", e)
}

// read reads up to len(b) bytes from the File.
// It returns the number of bytes read and an error, if any.
func (f *File) read(b []byte) (n int, err error) {
	n, err = f.pfd.Read(b)
	runtime.KeepAlive(f)
	return n, err
}

// Read implements io.Reader.
func (fd *FD) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
	if err := fd.readLock(); err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	defer fd.readUnlock()
	if len(p) == 0 {
		// If the caller wanted a zero byte read, return immediately
		// without trying (but after acquiring the readLock).
		// Otherwise syscall.Read returns 0, nil which looks like
		// io.EOF.
		// TODO(bradfitz): make it wait for readability? (Issue 15735)
		return 0, nil
	}
	if err := fd.pd.prepareRead(fd.isFile); err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	if fd.IsStream && len(p) > maxRW {
		p = p[:maxRW]
	}
	for {
		n, err := syscall.Read(fd.Sysfd, p)
		if err != nil {
			n = 0
			if err == syscall.EAGAIN && fd.pd.pollable() {
				if err = fd.pd.waitRead(fd.isFile); err == nil {
					continue
				}
			}

			// On MacOS we can see EINTR here if the user
			// pressed ^Z.  See issue #22838.
			if runtime.GOOS == "darwin" && err == syscall.EINTR {
				continue
			}
		}
		err = fd.eofError(n, err)
		return n, err
	}
}

Reference