macOS

【macOS】开机启动项

Posted by 西维蜀黍 on 2022-02-26, Last Modified on 2025-04-23
Folder Usage
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons Apple-supplied system daemons
/System/Library/LaunchAgents Apple-supplied agents that apply to all users on a per-user basis
/Library/LaunchDaemons Third-party system daemons
/Library/LaunchAgents Third-party agents that apply to all users on a per-user basis
~/Library/LaunchAgents Third-party agents that apply only to the logged-in user

Approach 1 - Via System Preferences > Accounts > Login items

  • start Automator.app
  • select Application
  • click Show library in the toolbar (if hidden)
  • add Run shell script (from the Actions/Utilities)
  • copy & paste your script into the window
  • test it
  • save somewhere (for example you can make an Applications folder in your HOME, you will get an your_name.app)
  • go to System Preferences -> Accounts -> Login items
  • add this app
  • test & done ;)

a Variant

To launch commands when logging in, you can do this:

  • Create a text file containing your commands (bash script):

    #!/bin/bash

# Start the MongoDB server
/Applications/MongoDB/bin/mongod --dbpath /usr/local/mongo/data --fork --logpath /usr/local/mongo/log

  • Save this file in ~/Library/Startup.cmd

  • You can test it by double-clicking the file in the Finder

  • Make it executable: chmod +x ~/Library/Startup.cmd

  • Add this file in System Preferences > Accounts > Login items

Approach 2 - Via launchctl

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
<plist version="1.0">
<dict>
   <key>Label</key>
   <string>com.user.loginbashscript</string>
   <key>ProgramArguments</key>
   <array><string>/path/to/executable/script.sh</string></array>
   <key>RunAtLoad</key>
   <true/>
</dict>
</plist>

Replace the <string> after the Program key with your desired command (note that any script referenced by that command must be executable: chmod a+x /path/to/executable/script.sh to ensure it is for all users).

Save as ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.user.loginscript.plist

# make it executable with 
$ sudo chmod +x /path/to/executable/script.sh

# and owned by root:wheel with 
$ sudo chown root:wheel /path/to/executable/script.sh

Run launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.user.loginscript.plist and log out/in to test (or to test directly, run launchctl start com.user.loginscript)

Tail /var/log/system.log for error messages.

The key is that this is a User-specific launchd entry, so it will be run on login for the given user. System-specific launch daemons (placed in /Library/LaunchDaemons) are run on boot.

# make it executable with 
$ sudo chmod +x /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.user.loginscript.plist
# and owned by root:wheel with 
$ sudo chown root:wheel /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.user.loginscript.plist

# run it onboot
$ sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.user.loginscript.plist

Reference

FEATURED TAGS
algorithm algorithmproblem architecturalpattern architecture aws blockchain c# cachesystem codis compile concurrentcontrol database dataformat datastructure debug design designpattern distributedsystem django docker domain engineering freebsd git golang grafana hackintosh hadoop hardware hexo http hugo ios iot java javaee javascript kafka kubernetes linux linuxcommand linuxio lock macos markdown microservices mysql nas network networkprogramming nginx node.js npm oop openwrt operatingsystem padavan performance programming prometheus protobuf python redis router security shell software testing spring sql systemdesign truenas ubuntu vmware vpn windows wmware wordpress xml zookeeper
FRIENDS

TOC