Comprehensions

要生成list [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]可以用list(range(1, 11))：

>>> list(range(1, 11))
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]

但如果要生成[1x1, 2x2, 3x3, ..., 10x10]怎么做？方法一是循环：

>>> L = []
>>> for x in range(1, 11):
...    L.append(x * x)
...
>>> L
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]

但是循环太繁琐，而列表生成式则可以用一行语句代替循环生成上面的list：

>>> [x * x for x in range(1, 11)]
[1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100]

写列表生成式时，把要生成的元素x * x放到前面，后面跟for循环，就可以把list创建出来。

for循环后面还可以加上if判断，这样我们就可以筛选出仅偶数的平方：

>>> [x * x for x in range(1, 11) if x % 2 == 0]
[4, 16, 36, 64, 100]

还可以使用两层循环，可以生成全排列：

>>> [m + n for m in 'ABC' for n in 'XYZ']
['AX', 'AY', 'AZ', 'BX', 'BY', 'BZ', 'CX', 'CY', 'CZ']

Reference

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